TEA ETIQUETTE IN CHINA

Tea drinking in China is a ceremonial and cultural practice with a rich history, and it comes with its own set of etiquette that has been refined over centuries. Here are some critical tea-drinking etiquettes in China:

Respect to Elders:

Always offer tea to the elders or guests of honour first as a sign of respect. This fundamental principle in Chinese culture reflects filial piety and respect for age and experience.

Handling the Teapot and Cups:

Use both hands when offering a cup of tea to someone, especially if they are a guest or elder. This shows both respect and sincerity. Similarly, when receiving tea, it’s polite to accept it with both hands.

Thanking for Tea:

A common way to thank someone for serving you tea without speaking is to tap the table next to your cup with two fingers. This gesture, which dates back to an imperial legend, is widely practised as a silent thank you.

Observing the Tea:

Appreciating the tea’s colour, aroma, and quality is part of the experience. It’s polite to comment positively on the tea being served, acknowledging the effort put into its selection and preparation.

Sipping, Not Slurping:

While in some cultures, slurping is a sign of enjoying the food or drink, in a formal Chinese tea ceremony, it’s more appropriate to sip tea quietly, savouring the taste and aroma.

Refilling Water and Passing the Teapot:

The teapot should not be left empty; offering to refill it with hot water when it’s low is polite. Also, when passing the teapot, ensure the spout is not pointing at anyone, as it’s considered rude.

Handling Your Cup:

It’s customary to hold the teacup with your fingers on the side and your thumb on the bottom, never covering the top of the cup. This allows the aroma of the tea to reach you and shows respect for the tea.

Small Portions:

Pour small amounts of tea into cups, allowing for multiple servings. This way, the tea is always hot and fresh, encouraging communal interaction.

Observance of Order:

In a group setting, observe the order in which tea is served and follow the host’s lead. There’s often a specific sequence intended to honour the guests.

Invitation to Tea:

Inviting someone for tea signifies friendship and respect. Accepting such an invitation is equally essential, as it acknowledges the relationship.

These etiquette concerns drinking tea, showing respect, fostering relationships, and enjoying the moment. While not all of these practices might be observed in casual settings, they are highly valued in formal gatherings and traditional tea ceremonies.

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Writer by Prem Anand, an international Butler

24 June 2024, Switzerland

Category: Business Etiquette 

Reference: PA24062024BE    

“Somos una empresa de desarrollo de capacidades que conecta valores, culturas, organizaciones, individuos y sociedades en todo el mundo”

VIP INTERVIEW WITH H.E DATUK JOJIE SAMUEL, AMBASSADOR OF MALAYSIA TO THAILAND

Navigating Diplomatic Waters: Interview with Datuk Jojie Samuel, Ambassador of Malaysia to Thailand

In international diplomacy, the bonds between nations are not merely political but deeply rooted in history, culture, and shared experiences. One enduring relationship between Malaysia and Thailand is characterised by a rich tapestry of connections spanning generations. A recent interview with Datuk Jojie Samuel, Ambassador of Malaysia to Thailand and Dean of the Diplomatic Corps, sheds light on the intricate web of responsibilities, aspirations, and collaborative efforts that underpin the bilateral relations between these Southeast Asian neighbours.

The interview with the Malaysian Ambassador to Thailand delves into an ambassador’s multifaceted role in serving the Malaysian government’s interests within the Thai context. From facilitating trade and investment to enhancing political and cultural ties, the Ambassador’s responsibilities extend across various sectors, reflecting the depth of the Malaysia-Thailand partnership. Historical ties are pivotal in shaping contemporary relations between Malaysia and Thailand. Dating back to pre-independence, the royal connections and familial links between the two nations have laid a strong foundation for enduring friendship and cooperation. The shared history, exemplified by the first Prime Minister of Malaysia’s ties to Thailand, underscores the depth of the relationship.

Share your role and responsibilities as a Malaysian diplomat.

As the Ambassador and a representative of the Malaysian government in Thailand, my responsibilities are multifaceted. The main job is to serve the interests of our government in Thailand, which can be either bilaterally or regionally. We have an excellent and warm relationship with Thailand, which dates back to before our independence in 1957. The relationship between Malaysia and Thailand royalties has been outstanding ever since, setting the tone for the relationship between our leaders and people. My role involves enhancing bilateral relationships at various levels, including political, trade, economic, tourism, education, defence, and security.

How can you contribute to your role as the Dean of the Diplomatic Corps in Thailand?

I have been in this position since June last year. The Dean’s role is mainly to represent the diplomatic corps at certain functions or events organised by the government or during royal events. The Dean expresses the diplomatic corps’s sentiments and gives welcome speeches on special occasions. Additionally, I am part of the Board of Presidents of the Diplomatic Council, which focuses on linking diplomacy with business and promoting business interests in both the host country and the country the Ambassador represents.

What possibilities do you see for Malaysian business people in Thailand and vice versa?

Currently, there are more Malaysian investments in Thailand than Thai investments in Malaysia. My job is to attract more Thai investments into Malaysia. We invest in manufacturing, hotels, banking services, auto parts, financial sectors, chemical industries, and oil and gas. We aim to open up more opportunities for business expansion, especially in the southern region of Thailand and northern Malaysia, to bring peace and stability through economic development.

What are the cultural challenges between the two countries?

In this era, I see few cultural challenges. Although the main languages are different (Malay in Malaysia and Thai in Thailand), this is not a significant barrier. People can quickly learn each other’s languages and cultures, especially those near the border. We share similarities in food and sports and are intensely familiar with each other’s cultures. Historically, people have moved and traded freely between the regions, which has brought our countries closer together.

How important is learning the language and embracing artificial intelligence in diplomacy?

Learning the language is very important to improve communication skills. Embracing artificial intelligence is also crucial, but ambassadors should control it to ensure it serves the people and not vice versa. As ambassadors, we have many responsibilities, including facilitating economic, trade, and political relationships and enhancing understanding between our countries. Creating people-to-people links is essential for mutual learning and awareness. In Malaysia, we say, “To know Malaysia is to love Malaysia,” emphasising the importance of understanding and loving a country to know it truly.

Conclusion

Language and cultural understanding are crucial in fostering diplomatic relations between Malaysia and Thailand. The emphasis on learning each other’s languages, customs, and traditions is a bridge to enhance communication and promote people-to-people connections. This cultural exchange enriches bilateral ties and fosters mutual understanding and awareness between the two nations. In pursuing regional prosperity and stability, Malaysia’s vision aligns with Thailand’s goals for Southern Thailand. Through policies like “prosper thy neighbour,” Malaysia aims to contribute to economic growth and peace in the region, reflecting a shared commitment to mutual development and well-being. The interview highlights the diverse focus areas in enhancing the bilateral relationship between Malaysia and Thailand. From political cooperation to economic partnerships, tourism, education, and defence collaborations, the Ambassador’s role encompasses a broad spectrum of engagements to strengthen ties and foster mutual growth. Family involvement is a unique aspect that further cements the close relationship between Malaysia and Thailand. The personal connections and familial ties between the countries add a layer of warmth and familiarity to the diplomatic relations, underscoring the deep-rooted bonds that transcend mere political affiliations.

As Malaysia and Thailand continue to navigate the complexities of modern diplomacy, the interview with the Malaysian diplomat offers a glimpse into the intricate dynamics that define their relationship. Through shared history, cultural exchanges, and collaborative efforts, the two nations stand poised to deepen their ties and chart a path towards mutual prosperity and understanding in the ever-evolving landscape of international relations.

 

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Entrevista exclusiva para VIP Special Edition Magazine Global Mindset the Netherlands

Entrevistado por Adriana FLORES, Directora Ejecutiva de ProtocolToday y Experta en Protocolo & Diplomacia

Reescrito por Eric MUJIA,

Derechos reservados por ProtocolToday

 

Our thanks to the Malaysian Embassy in the Kingdom of Thailand

BUSINESS PROTOCOL FOR NEGOTIATION WITH KOREANS

The growing internationalisation of the economy requires behavioural guidelines that allow for correct conduct, enabling effective negotiation in the professional environment. The business protocol stands as the only effective tool capable of structuring the entire negotiation process, acquiring considerable importance in an international context since “to negotiate effectively with a foreigner,” as stated by Ambassador Mr. José Antonio de Urbina, knowledge of the “golden rules of knowing how to be, be and function in business” is essential. In this sense, an exhaustive understanding of the culture, customs, sensitivities, and codes indispensable in a negotiation is essential in creating a solid business relationship with foreign entities. The course of negotiation can be very uneven in different countries and cultures because forms of communication can mean very different purposes, and what is respectful in one country may be considered humiliating in another. “Hence the convenience of prior knowledge of the customs in negotiation, the idiosyncrasies and, especially, the way of being of the other negotiating party,” said Ambassador Urbina.

The ancient Korean culture has a wealth of values and traditions, reflected in its behaviour and excellent habits of conduct, such as courtesy, deep respect, and honesty, which are added to rituals of great cordiality. This way, it defines how to proceed in its commercial relationships based on compliance, quality, and foolproof persistence. Suppose you are going to start a professional relationship with Korean business people. In that case, you will find yourself with efficiently prepared negotiators, harmoniously developing and forming a unique and intelligent team with obvious strategic purposes, leaving nothing to chance in the negotiation.

Negotiating with a Korean, particularly in its initial phase, demands significant patience and perseverance in the procedures and ways of acting. This is crucial as it creates a firm bond with the negotiators long before the first formal contact at the meeting table. Negotiations with Koreans tend to be lengthy, often lasting months. Demonstrating concern in the process can be perceived as a sign of weakness and a loss of value that will be translated against. To schedule a meeting and be effective, not only holidays and vacations but also periods as crucial as the so-called Seollal (lunar new year) and Chuseok (day of honour) must be considered so as not to set the call. To the ancestor), as well as Gwangbokjeol, which, translated into Spanish, means ‘National Liberation Day’ or its independence day, August 15. The meeting must be convened several weeks in advance, having sent the Korean counterpart general information about the company in English and preferably also in Korean, thus denoting interest and fostering understanding with the other negotiating party.

Once this preamble has been strengthened, the spirit that must be possessed to strengthen these links with the Korean market must be based on consolidating interpersonal relationships, which require refined diplomacy in making contact. Factors that require special consideration are those such as The choice of a private room for the meeting, a sign of luxury and suitable for dealing with any business; Extreme punctuality, if it is already considerable in the Asian world, for Koreans, a simple minute out of time, is an absolute lack of respect and education, greatly damaging future negotiations; Respect for hierarchy and manners: Both parties must attend this meeting with the same hierarchical rank, hence the convenience of incorporating people of the same position or position in the negotiation; A consonance in the number of attendees on both sides is also substantial. For reliable and compliant Koreans, this particularity is an indicator of formality. Manners are essential during introductions; in the business context with a Korean, the appropriate greeting is made with a slight inclination of the head about fifteen or twenty degrees, followed by a handshake with eye contact, extending the right hand in turn. The left holding the elbow of the right, denoting with this gesture the weight and importance given to the person with whom one interacts. The greeting should be addressed first to the person of the highest rank to end with the lowest rank. The exchange of business cards must be carried out with an exact gesture, consisting of giving and receiving it with both hands. Once taken as a sign of respect, it should be read carefully and not be kept immediately, never in a pocket, as it could be considered an offence. It is appropriate to be placed in an important place, being able to leave it, for example, on the negotiation table, but under no circumstances should it be written on. The business cards of the other negotiating party must be written in English.

In this knowledge of how to function in business, other aspects must be considered to bring the negotiation to a successful conclusion. In the practice of negotiation with Korea, it is essential to avoid confusion in the agreement since misuse of the language can be considered an offence, the most appropriate thing in this type of meeting being the assistance of an interpreter who translates the native language into Korean, and if this were native, an even better option. Koreans do not feel comfortable speaking English, even if they master it. During the development of the meeting, which will have the heads of each delegation as spokespersons, there must be no interruptions, no speaking in one’s language, and respect for the moments of silence essential for reflection and serenity. In his negotiations, the Korean is sensitive to the technical and not the political; he will never deviate from a previously established script, granting the word a great value, so one must be very compliant with the commitments made. The Koreans highly appreciate Western gifts; they like to entertain with a typical book from their country, a cardholder, or even chopsticks, and typically, they also give a plaque of appreciation detailing the encounter. Regarding the Western counterpart, for the gift to be appreciated, it must be similar to the one received, avoiding gifts that add up to the number four, considered bad luck and detailing as a curiosity, that they appreciate whiskey, traditionally Irish, if it is European negotiators.

“Do your best to know who you have to face. “Never sit down and deal with a stranger.” This is what Somers White declares, referring to the fact that in the art of good negotiation, exhaustive knowledge of everything that concerns our interlocutors is essential, essentially, their negotiation methods.

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Writer by María Amóros Gurriarán, Expert in Protocol and Institutional Relations

30th April 2024, Spain

Category: Business Protocol

Reference: MA300424BP 

“Somos una empresa de desarrollo de capacidades que conecta valores, culturas, organizaciones, individuos y sociedades en todo el mundo”

WOMEN AS CULTURAL AMBASSADOR ENGLISH SESSION

28th March 2024, ENGLISH SESSION

The “Women as Cultural Ambassador” International Seminar, hosted by Protocol Today and Ibera Benicana’s Foundation, brought together distinguished speakers to explore women’s role in cultural diplomacy. The seminar aimed to highlight the importance of cultural exchange, communication, and collaboration in building bridges and fostering positive relationships on a global scale.

The seminar featured a lineup of distinguished speakers who shared their expertise and experiences on the vital role of women as cultural bridge-builders, drivers of change, and engines of economic growth.

Haifa Al-Kailani, the President and Founder of the Arab International Women’s Forum spoke about the importance of cultural competency, communication, collaboration, and coalition building as a development economist and advocate for women’s leadership and economic empowerment. Sabine van Dijk-Schuizen, a female empowerment advocate and G100 country chair for the Netherlands, discussed the concept of “cyclic leadership” and the value of embracing feminine qualities like sensitivity and soft skills in today’s dynamic environment. Dr Cherin Jallis, a distinguished specialist in etiquette and business protocol in the United Arab Emirates, emphasised the significance of protocol, etiquette, and mutual respect in cross-cultural interactions and the need for women to take a more dominant role. Elsa Wilkin Armister,  the Minister-Counselor at the Sanctus Kids and Nevis High Commission in the United Kingdom, delved into the theme of the positive impact of cultural diplomacy. Drawing on her expertise in cultural diplomacy, country branding, and international marketing, Elsa shared how cultural exchange can foster mutual respect, understanding, and appreciation for diverse cultures.

Key Takeaways from the Seminar:

Building Bridges through Cultural Exchange: Haifa Al Kaylani, President & Founder of the Arab International Women’s Forum, shared her experiences promoting women’s leadership and economic growth globally. She underscored the value of cultural exchange, communication, and collaboration in bridging gaps between Arab and international communities, emphasising the pivotal role of these elements in achieving sustainable development and more robust international partnerships. Sabine van Dijk-Schuizen, a female empowerment advocate, spoke about embracing “cyclic leadership” and the feminine qualities of sensitivity, soft skills, and the ability to explain values and culture more understandably. She encouraged the audience to take on the role of cultural ambassadors, as “women are much more sensitive” and can make “others feel comfortable with them.” Embracing “cyclic leadership” and feminine qualities like sensitivity, empathy, and the ability to explain values and culture understandably is essential in today’s dynamic environment. Women can make their people and others feel more comfortable through their cultural competence and soft skills.

Cultural Diplomacy for Positive Impact: Elsa Wilkin-Armbrister, Minister Counsellor, emphasised the positive impact of cultural diplomacy in promoting international cooperation and understanding. She showcased how cultural exchange can lead to mutual respect and appreciation for diverse cultures, fostering a more harmonious global community. The speakers emphasised the importance of cultural competency, communication, and collaboration in promoting greater understanding between communities, businesses, and nations. Haifa Al-Kailani, President and Founder of the Arab International Women’s Forum, shared her experience of how “communication, collaboration, cultural exchange, and coalition building have been pivotal” to her achievements and the forum’s success. Effective communication, collaboration, cultural exchange, and coalition building are vital for fostering greater understanding between communities, businesses, and nations.

Women as Engines of Economic Growth: Sabine Van Ditzhuijzen, G100 Country Chair, delved into cyclic leadership, guiding female leaders through insightful journeys and breaking taboos in leadership roles. She highlighted the importance of empowering women and fostering diversity in leadership positions to drive positive change across all organisational levels. The speakers highlighted how cultural diplomacy can be an “engine of economic growth” as it helps build stronger bonds of friendship, diversify economies, and advance a country’s political and cultural position. Elsa Wilkin-Armister, Minister-Counselor at the St. Kitts and Nevis High Commission, shared how a hot sauce competition at Expo 2020 Dubai led to a memorandum of understanding between St. Kitts and Nevis and the UAE, demonstrating the power of cultural exchange. Women can leverage their artistic competence, sensitivity, and soft skills to dominate as cultural ambassadors and bridge-builders.

Protocol, Etiquette, and Respect: Dr. Cherin Jallis, a specialist in etiquette and business protocol in the UAE, emphasized the significance of protocol, etiquette, and mutual respect in cross-cultural interactions. She stated that “it’s not enough” to have a historically male-dominated world and that “it’s time that women should take over this role, or at least to play a more dominant role in this setting of the world today.” Protocol, etiquette, and mutual respect are crucial in cross-cultural interactions and diplomacy. Women should take on a more dominant role in this area, as they are generally more sensitive and better at mastering soft skills than men.

Quotes for Modern-Day Women in Diplomacy:

Elsa Wilkin-Armbrister: “Cultural diplomacy is the language of understanding that transcends borders and fosters mutual respect.”

Sabine Van Ditzhuijzen: “Empowering women in leadership is not just a choice, but a necessity for driving meaningful change and inclusivity.”

Haifa Al Kaylani: “In a world interconnected by diversity, communication, collaboration, and cultural exchange are the pillars of building lasting bridges and successful partnerships.”

Conclusion

In conclusion, the “Women as Cultural Ambassadors” International Seminar provided a powerful platform to celebrate the contributions of women as cultural diplomats and to inspire participants to take on the mantle of cultural ambassadorship in their spheres of influence. Through the expertise shared by distinguished speakers, we have gained valuable lessons on leveraging cultural exchanges to build bridges, foster international cooperation, and strengthen relationships between nations. As we reflect on the significance of embracing diversity, communicating values, and fostering understanding across cultures, we are reminded of the positive impact that cultural diplomacy can have in shaping a more interconnected, harmonious world. The recognition of the contributions of individuals and nations in promoting cultural relations and international cooperation paves the way for a future built on mutual respect, collaboration, and shared prosperity. Let us continue to champion the role of women as cultural ambassadors, celebrate our cultural heritage, and work towards a more inclusive and interconnected global community. The lessons and perspectives shared will continue to resonate and guide women in pursuing greater cross-cultural understanding and cooperation.

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Writer by Eric Muhia, International Studies and Diplomacy Graduate Student and Young Diplomat.

02 April 2024, Kenya

Category: Diplomacy 

Reference: EM02042024D

“Somos una empresa de desarrollo de capacidades que conecta valores, culturas, organizaciones, individuos y sociedades en todo el mundo”

WOMEN AS CULTURAL AMBASSADOR SPANISH SESSION

28th March 2024 SPANISH SESSION

Recently, PROTOCOLTODAY and the International Honoris Causa Foundation organized the International Seminar “Women as Cultural Ambassadors”, which was held virtually from the Netherlands on the occasion of International Women’s Day. This important event, broadcast in English and Spanish, brought together a wide audience from more than 30 countries.

Adriana Flores, executive director of PROTOCOLTODAY, highlighted the professional prestige of the speakers and the quality of the topics shared. In her turn, Marco Tardelli, president of the International Honoris Causa Foundation, pointed out that women are active protagonists in the significant changes in society. “We want them to occupy a significant space to promote their effective Hispanic American leadership in the United Nations Organization,” he emphasised.

Berenice Rangel (Mexico), executive director of Latin America Invest, spoke on “Crosscultural Wealth: Wealth Management Strategies with Global Intelligence for International Businesses.” She referred to the business strategies: “We are looking to diversify assets due to the changes that have occurred in Latin America in recent times.” Financial and fiscal complexity drives global wealth transformation. “The new generations are looking to invest in technology companies,” she stated. She explained the phenomenon of globalisation and its influence on the wealth management administration. Businesses are increasingly complex due, among other reasons, to the knowledge revolution reflected through “artificial intelligence.”

She added: “After the pandemic, we are looking for digital business innovation to unite markets and move from one place to another, taking advantage of the situation in the region. To do this, mechanisms must be used based on the financial reality and political changes in the countries.” Consequently, the “country brand” is essential and “favors the business climate and allows a stable tax regime.”

For her part, Ana Navarro Ramos (Spain), Director of Protocol of the Ministry of Economy, Commerce and Business, presented the topic “Women as ambassadors of change: Impact on international protocol.” She emphasised that she “plays a vital role in all areas of society. “We play a significant role in the current vicissitudes.” She recounted her career as a member of the Spanish army in the European Union and indicated that there are multiple missions abroad in which women participate. She explained that 35 years have passed since the female military presence in Spain. She also shared her expertise in the Ministry of Defence protocol area and her countless functions with foreign delegations.

The protocol is the “first face of the institution to the outside,” she highlighted. She said, “the national holiday is an important event that unites the Spanish people and is characterised by the military parade led by the kings.” She recounted her journey in other government sectors that allowed her to “explore the concept of protocol, get to know the world, participate in events and extend my vision of protocol” and, in addition, prepare business events and ministerial summits. At the end, she asked herself, “Where are they? In 2018, an initiative was created to promote its visibility through advertising actions.” She highlighted: “Women have empathy, a unique perspective, effective communication, creativity and expression and, in addition, communicative leadership.”

Edith Cortelezzi (Argentina), a trainer at the ISEN Institute, discussed the topic “Business Protocol”. In her presentation, she emphasised specifying that the protocol and ceremonies are updated and not out of fashion. “Today, there is a protocol for the digital world, cell phones, and computers. Now, women also handle these issues, and they are not exclusive to men as they were for a long time,” she pointed out. People increasingly understand the validity and magnitude of the protocol in commercial travel. She stressed: “Women must value the collaboration of men in a woman’s life.” She emphasised the importance of appreciating and recommending the permanent application of protocol, good manners and courtesy above time and distances.

Likewise, Emilia Zaballos (Spain), president of Zeballos Abogados, supported the presentation “If you want it, you have it!” She began by remembering that we always talk about “equality.” She stated: “Equality is giving everyone the same instruments to achieve what they want. Each one will see how far he can go depending on our capabilities and commitments.” She alluded to the disproportion and indifference to current social problems.

When presenting her experience, he commented: “My soul projection has been the Foundation for Constitutional Rights, which is now well established in the Spanish community, to help change the reality that affects certain human groups. She stressed the imperative of including social commitment and sharing our experiences to serve the common good. “Give back to the community what we have achieved in life. In my life, values such as courage, perseverance and training have helped me understand at the beginning of our careers and learn daily. Have the will to collect what contributes to our survival,” she stressed. She ended by referring to the need to accentuate the participation of women. “We must be better, compete and know how to give recognition. When they are the best, they must make them known, and they will be visible, making it easier for them to continue fighting to fulfil their dreams.”

In short, a successful contest – “made with the heart”, according to Adriana Flores – filled with enriching learning, experiences, reflections and contributions aimed at revaluing the performance of women; an opportunity to collect instructive experiences that inspire us to continue in this ongoing fight for gender parity. Your involvement will contribute to defining a fair, empathetic world framed by values that are unavoidable to recognise and encourage, such as reciprocity, respect, and acceptance.

Let us have the unwavering determination to strengthen will, perseverance, and dedication to this noble and imperious task. In this sense, the expressions of the former Secretary General of the United Nations, Kofi Annan, come to mind: “Gender equality is more than an objective in itself. It is a precondition to face the challenge of reducing poverty, promoting sustainable development, and building good government.”

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Writter by Wilfredo Pérez 

01 April 2024
Category: Cultural intelligence

Reference: WF010424

“Somos una empresa de desarrollo de capacidades que conecta valores, culturas, organizaciones, individuos y sociedades en todo el mundo”

VIP Interview H.E Hiroshi Minami, Ambassador of Japan to the Netherlands

Exclusive VIP Interview 

H.E Hiroshi Minami (Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Japan to The Kingdom of the Netherlands) 

25th January 2024, The Hague

独占VIPインタビュー 

南 博 駐オランダ王国特命全権日本国大使閣下

2024年1月25日 ハーグにて

 

Could you briefly overview your role and responsibilities as a Japanese diplomat for leaders?  

I am enjoying my life as a diplomat in the Netherlands. The Netherlands and Japan have a very long history of relations, starting, which started in 1600 and in 1600, so it has lasted for more than 400 years. There are quite a lot of Dutch people who are very familiar with the Japanese culture. There is a significant volume of economic activities in the two countries’ private sectors. How we can support the economic activities of the private sector is an important issue. And of course, there are cultural exchanges between the two countries, which we should support as a government.  

日本国の外交官としての役割と責任を端的にお教えいただけますか。 

オランダで外交官としての生活を楽しんでいます。オランダと日本の関係には、1600年に始まり、400年以上も続いている非常に長い歴史があります。日本の文化に親しむオランダ人の方々が多数いらっしゃいますし、両国の民間部門ではかなりの経済活動が行われています。私たちが民間部門の経済活動をどのようにサポートできるかは重要な課題です。もちろん、両国の間では文化的な交流も行われており、政府として支援すべきことです。

 

What kind of perceptions do you think the Japanese people have of the Netherlands?  

If I ask the average Japanese people about their perception of the Netherlands, they might raise tulips and windmills. The problem is that people are usually preoccupied with the stereotypical images of other countries. Similarly, if I ask the Dutch people about their impression of Japan, they might say Mount Fuji and Sushi. The challenge for a diplomat is overcoming these stereotypes and presenting the real situations or images of the current Japan.  

日本人はオランダに対してどのようなイメージを持っているとお考えですか。 

一般の日本人の方にオランダのイメージを尋ねると、チューリップや風車を挙げるかもしれません。このように、他の国にまつわるステレオタイプのイメージにとらわれていることは問題です。同様に、オランダ人に日本の印象を尋ねると、富士山や寿司を挙げるかもしれません。外交官にとっての課題は、このようなステレオタイプに打ち勝ち、現在の日本の実情やイメージを提示することです。 

 

How do you think expectations of you have formed your time here in the Netherlands?  

I might be able to stay here for about three years. I have already spent one year here since my arrival. In the next two years, I want to do my best to promote the friendship between the two countries. To achieve this, the embassy should support economic activities and cultural exchanges, as I mentioned earlier, and we should encourage more high-level visits between the two countries.  

オランダ滞在中に、大使閣下の期待するものはどう形成されてきましたか。 

私は3年ほどは滞在できるかもしれません。渡蘭してから既に1年が過ぎました。これからの2年間、日蘭友好のために全力を尽くしたいと考えています。そのためには先ほども申し上げたように、大使館として経済活動や文化交流を支援すべきですし、両国間のハイレベルな訪問をもっと奨励すべきだと考えています。 

 

What three words in your language would you use to define your job as a diplomat?  

As a diplomat, the first important thing is integrity, the second is the personal relationship, and the third element is learning. I believe these three elements will be highly critical to diplomatic life.   

外交官としての仕事をご自分の3つの言葉で定義するならば、どの言葉を選ばれますか。 

外交官として大切なことは、第一に誠実さ、第二に人間関係、第三は学びです。この3つの要素は、外交官として生きる上で非常に重要であると考えています。  

 

How do you experience these three values in your day-to-day work?  

When posted at our permanent mission to the United Nations in New York, I visited many of my counterparts in other missions as courtesy calls. One of them told me that the personal relationship is the most important in multilateral diplomacy. That struck me and became my motto as a diplomat. As for the integrity and the learning, I believe these are common qualities for diplomats and other professions. Without the integrity, people will not trust you. As for learning, we diplomats change our positions every three or four years, and when we are posted to one country, we must learn a lot about its background, history, and culture. The learning is quite common and important for us.  

日々の任務で、この3つの価値をどのように感じていらっしゃいますか。 

ニューヨークの国連常設代表部に赴任していた際に、他の代表部のカウンターパートの方々を表敬訪問したことがあります。その際に一人が、多国間外交において最も重要なのは個人的な関係だと語ってくれました。私の中にその言葉は残り、以来、私の外交官としてのモットーになりました。

誠実さと学びについては、外交官だけではなく他の職業にも共通する資質だと思います。誠実さがなければ、人々から信頼されることはありません。学びについては、私たち外交官は3・4年ごとに立場が変わるため、赴任する際にはその国の背景や歴史、文化について多くを学ばなければなりません。ですから、私たちにとってこのような学習はごく一般的で重要なことです。

 

What possibilities do Dutch entrepreneurs see for doing business in Japan?  

The Netherlands and Japan have some commonalities, such as their advanced industrial technology and shared values of free market and open economy. Therefore, I believe there are many collaboration opportunities for the private sectors in both countries, especially in AI, semiconductors, green energy and quantum computing. However, I also think there is a significant difference on the Japanese side. I said that the Dutch are known to be very straightforward, but the Japanese are not. There is a big gap between what the Japanese say and what they mean. This is called honne and tatemae. Honne is their true intention, and tatemae is their public facade. This might make it hard for foreigners to understand the real intention of the Japanese when they do business in Japan. That is one major issue. Another challenge for foreigners is that the Japanese system,sometimes has very slow decision-making process. We have to have very thorough study and detailed consideration before we make decisions. Foreigners may have to be patient with this process.  

オランダの起業家は、日本でのビジネスにどのような可能性を見出しているのでしょうか。 

オランダと日本には、先進的な産業技術や自由市場・開放経済など、いくつかの共通点があります。そのため、とりわけAIや半導体、グリーンエネルギー、量子コンピューティングの分野では、両国の民間セクターにとって多くの協働する機会があると考えています。

しかしながら、日本側には大きな違いもあると思います。オランダ人はとても直截的ですが、日本人は異なります。日本人は言っていることと本心に大きなギャップがあり、これを本音と建前といいます。本音は心から意図することであり、建前は表向きの一面なのです。ですから、外国人が日本でビジネスをする際に、日本人の本音を理解するのは難しいかもしれません。これはひとつの大きな課題です。

外国人にとってのもう一つの問題は、日本の制度では意思決定プロセスが非常に遅くなる場合がある点です。意思決定の前には、綿密な調査と詳細な検討が必要なのです。外国人はこのプロセスに忍耐強くなる必要があるかもしれません。 

 

What do you think are the opportunities for Japanese entrepreneurs in this country?   

From what I hear from the Japanese businessmen working in this country, they do not have any serious complaints or problems. For example, the Japanese Chamber of Commerce in Amsterdam has about 370 companies as members. They are doing very well here, and I have not heard any complaints from them about the Dutch government policies. So, I think that this country is a very good host country for foreign companies.   

オランダには、日本人起業家にとってどのようなチャンスがあると思われますか。

この国で働く日本人ビジネスマンの方々の話を聞くかぎりでは、深刻な困りごとや問題はないようです。たとえば、アムステルダムの日本人商工会議所には約370社が加盟しています。これらの企業はこの国でとても好調ですし、オランダ政府の政策に対する不満は聞いたことがありません。ですから、オランダは外国企業にとって非常に良いホスト国だと思っています。  

 

In the frame of cultural exchanges and on this economic level, do you have strong opinions on using soft power to further relationships, for instance, between Japan and the Netherlands?   

Of course, soft power can be a very powerful tool for diplomacy. But I must admit that soft power is not easy for the government to control. For Japan, soft power can come from Japanese cuisine, manga, animation and arts. However, they are initiated and provided by private individuals and companies that are not related to government policy. What the government can do is to utilize the soft power of these cultural elements, but not to create them. That is the challenge for us, government officials. I also believe that the soft power of Japan can help to improve the stereotypical image of Japan.   

文化交流や経済的な枠組みにおいて、例えば日本とオランダの関係をさらに発展させるためにソフトパワーを利用することについて、強い意見をお持ちですか。  

もちろん、ソフトパワーは外交にとって非常に強力なツールになり得ます。しかしながら、政府がソフトパワーを制御するのは容易ではないことを認めなければなりません。日本の場合、ソフトパワーは和食や漫画、アニメ、芸術などから生まれますが、それらは政府の政策とは関係のない民間の個人や企業が主導し、提供するものです。政府ができることは、こうした文化的要素のソフトパワーを活用することであり、創造することではありません。それが私たち政府関係者の課題です。それと同時に、日本のソフトパワーは、日本に対するステレオタイプのイメージを改善するのに役立つと私は信じています。  

 

What advice would you give someone aspiring to become a diplomat or ambassador?   

I have been in the diplomatic world for 40 years. These 40 years were a very peaceful and stable time with prosperity. But the international situation is unpredictable, and I do not know what will happen in the next 10 or 20 years. So, the younger generations must be ready for such uncertainty and unpredictability. The second thing is that the young people must keep up with the technological development. Technology is advancing so fast nowadays, and I am particularly concerned with the progress of AI. In my diplomatic career, the most important parts of my work were writing documents, making summaries of meetings, and interpreting for people. But these functions can be substituted by the AI nowadays, and I do not know how the AI will affect the diplomats’ lives in the future.  

So, what will be the added value for the diplomats? That is the second challenge.  

外交官や大使を目指す人に対して、どのようなアドバイスをされますか。  

私は外交の世界に40年間身を置いてきました。この40年間はとても平和で安定し、繁栄の時代でした。しかし、国際情勢は予測が不可能で、10年や20年後に何が起こるかわかりません。ですから、より若い世代はそのような不確実性や予測不可能性に備える必要があるのです。

また、若い世代は技術の進歩についていかなければなりません。現代のテクノロジーの発展はとても速く、私はとりわけAI技術の進歩に関心を持っています。私自身の外交官としてのキャリアにおいては、文書を書いたり、会議のサマリーを作ったり、通訳をしたりすることが最も重要な任務でした。今後、AIが外交官の生活にどのような影響を与えるかはわかりません。 

では、外交官にとって何が付加価値になるのか。それが第二の課題です。 

 

How do you envision this new role? What do you think the new role that the ambassador will fulfil will be?  

I think the added value for the diplomats should be personal relationships with other diplomats and negotiators. Such personal relationships and personal chemistry could change the nature and result of the negotiations. I believe that diplomats should not be or cannot be like a machine, and we have to be very humane.   

この新しい役割をどのようにイメージしていらっしゃいますか。大使閣下が果たされる新しい役割は、どのようなものになるとお考えでしょうか。 

外交官の付加価値は、他の外交官や交渉官との個人的な関係であるべきだと思います。そのような個人の間柄や相性が、交渉における質や結果を変える可能性があるのです。外交官は機械のようにはなり得ず、なるべきでもありません。非常に人間的でなければならないのです。

和訳:安田 真子) 

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Exclusive interview by VIP Special Edition Magazine Global Mindset the Netherlands

Interviewed by Rahul Mahadew, BSc. in Political Science, MSc. In Public Management

Co-editor, Wilfredo Peréz

Rewrite by Mr Eric Muhia,

Translate to Japanese by Ms Mako Yasuda

We thank the Embassy of Japan to The Netherlands for this interview.

CHILE: IN SEARCH OF AN INTERNATIONAL INSERTION FROM THE REGIONS

A country with striking geographical contrasts from the Atacama Desert to majestic Patagonia, Chile stands out for its rich history and ever-growing economy.

Despite these achievements, the international insertion of its territories has been, to a certain extent, an underdeveloped factor in the country. This article will explore how Chile, particularly the Los Ríos Region – one of the country’s 16 – is entering a world where borders no longer represent limitations. To fully understand the context in which this international insertion is taking place, it is essential to delve into Chile’s idiosyncrasies. Located in the southwestern region of South America, Chile is home to a diverse population ranging from metropolises to indigenous communities rooted in their ancestral traditions. Chile is renowned for its political and economic stability in the region, making it an attractive destination for foreign investment. Martínez (2020) points out, “Chile’s cultural diversity and political stability make it a unique meeting point for diverse political traditions and practices in South America.” 

Paradiplomacy, a concept of international activities carried out by subnational entities such as regions or cities, has become a powerful tool in the globalized world and is gaining increasing relevance. Although para diplomacy in Chile has yet to reach its full potential, it is constantly evolving thanks to the territories’ efforts. Rodríguez (2018) argues that “para diplomacy is an essential tool for subnational territories in the era of globalization, allowing them to have a stronger voice on the international stage.” Currently, Chilean regions are taking a proactive role by actively participating internationally. We focus on the Los Ríos Region, one of Chile’s 16 regions, characterized by its natural beauty with crystal clear rivers and lakes and its growing interest in international insertion. This region understands that cooperation and openness to the world are essential for sustainable development and long-term prosperity. 

On the road to international insertion, trust emerges as an invaluable asset and a solid foundation for international relations. Visits by international representatives from various nations play a crucial role in building this trust. When leaders and delegations from other countries visit the Los Rios Region, a tangible connection goes beyond formal protocols. These meetings are not simply ceremonial but opportunities to exchange knowledge, establish lasting business relationships and strengthen diplomatic ties that endure over time. Trust, once established, becomes the foundation on which strong business alliances and ongoing cooperation agreements are built. Foreign companies are more willing to invest in a region they trust, and the Los Rios Region has learned that building and maintaining this trust are worthwhile long-term investments. 

The internationalization of a region is not only limited to openness to the world but also to the ability to make the most of the opportunities that such openness offers. In the case of the Los Ríos Region, various actions have been implemented, which range from the promotion of local 

culture to the participation of its companies in high-level events to make the most of the opportunities that arise. González (2021) highlights that “the internationalization of regions not only opens doors to trade and investment but also fosters cultural and educational exchange vital for sustainable development.” The international insertion of the Chilean regions is not merely a development strategy but a declaration of intent. Chile positions itself as a proactive and reliable global player, sending a powerful message of openness and long-term commitment to the international community. 

Of course, this process of international insertion has its challenges. From managing diplomatic relations to promoting local identity in a globalized world, the Los Ríos Region faces obstacles and opportunities as it moves toward a future that is more interconnected with the world. Today, Chile has established itself as a prominent tourist destination in the heart of South America, attracting the attention of travellers worldwide. This attraction is due to the incomparable richness of its culture, exquisite gastronomy and impressive natural landscapes that delight the senses of some tourists. However, Chile’s success is not limited to tourism, as its economy has experienced steady and sustainable growth over the past decades, becoming an exemplary model for other countries in the region. 

The implementation of paradiplomacy, a concept that involves the active participation of different regions in a country’s foreign policy, has played a fundamental role in strengthening Chile’s image abroad. Despite centralist fears, the Los Ríos Region is a prominent example of this approach, as it has established strong alliances with sub-territories of various countries, including China, Indonesia, the Philippines, Spain, Brazil and Argentina. This effort has allowed the region to position itself as a territory that projects its presence to the world. 

Understanding that the relationship with other territories requires long-term management focused on sustainability and stability is essential. Continuous commitment, fostering cooperation, and promoting shared values are necessary to achieve these goals. In this way, Chile will not only be able to attract more travelers but also contribute significantly to the global stage through its regions committed to paradiplomacy. It is vital to remember that managing the relationship with other territories cannot be short-term, as this could negatively affect its sustainability and stability. Therefore, constant commitment and cooperation are needed to ensure the relationship’s success. Promoting shared values is also vital in this management, as this can strengthen relationships and foster collaboration. If Chile succeeds in cementing its position as a country committed to para-diplomacy, it will attract more travellers and contribute significantly to the global stage. 

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Written by Felipe Hernández, International affairs – CHILE

19 February 2024, Chile

Category: International Business

Reference: FH19022024IB

“Somos una empresa de desarrollo de capacidades que conecta valores, culturas, organizaciones, individuos y sociedades en todo el mundo”

IMPORTANCE AND TYPES OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS  

Sometimes, we hear people say, “You must act ethically”, “How unethical”, or “This is not ethical”, among countless statements concerning the urgency of its incorporation into the workplace. However, what is obvious to some is not apparent to all. Achieving its full validity demands explicit conditions that avoid framing the business work of countless men and women.  

Ethics involves including rules that indicate how to behave to ensure decent performance. It allows you to demonstrate attitudes and habits consistent with the organisation’s corporate values and that, in addition, must be sustainable over time. Therefore, we refer to the principles we choose to guide our actions and decisions.  

It is possible to proceed ethically with proper self-esteem, clarity in decision-making, and firmly held principles, although not everyone may welcome or accept them. Such elements must be integrated unequivocally. In the name of “pragmatism”, in countless circumstances, it is intended to bracket ethics. Also, the majority’s will, agreement or pressure does not imply a correct decision. Hence, there is enormous importance in proceeding, at all times, independently and far from outside interference.  

We should not seek refuge in the actions of others to justify ourselves. Let us act individually; we decline to resort to various forms of “moral disconnection” to minimise or protect our positions. Ethics requires autonomy, firmness, conviction, and courage. Remember!  

The work environment makes it possible to realise the difficulties and misunderstandings about its implementation or its coincidence with corporate policies. However, it enhances the image, grants credibility and provides prestige. It is a magnificent letter of introduction and represents added value. In short, it will unfold new opportunities and achievements.  

Below, I explain several practical recommendations beyond our hierarchy for the workplace. These are only reflections and suggestions associated with sound business practices, whose value will depend on the solvency and conviction to interpret the obligatory transcendence of ethics unambiguously.  

Make transparency a style of action. This is part of a virtuous circle designed to promote trust and, therefore, the creation of a coexistence that will facilitate sustainable reciprocity with its collaborators, clients, and suppliers. Likewise, it provides a space that is more convenient for business.  

Practice loyalty. It is one of the most esteemed values due to its vast impact. It will manifest your entire identity and commitment to the organisation. However, it is challenging and an environment full of temptations, betrayals, and ephemeral fidelities.  

Please be cautious and use your best judgment. Maintain the utmost confidentiality, even when discussing topics not explicitly labelled as confidential. The table will make it easier to make it worthy of consideration. Be the owner of your silence instead of a slave to words expressed in moments of recklessness. This quality can ensure your job stability.  

Assume tolerance as an expression of your soft skills. Be able to forge a healthy interaction with those who, for religious, social, ideological, and sexual motivations, have views opposite to yours. Apply empathy and accept human differences. Discrepancies provide us with learning, contributions and positive connotations.  

Be consistent in what you think, feel, say, and do. Propose to exercise scarce decency in a context dominated by interests, calculations, and opportunism. Have the power to communicate what you conceive – maintaining adequate correctness and tact – and decline to declare what others wish to hear. Avoid flattering or conniving comments. This customary shame is usually disguised by submission, apathy, and sordid mutis in teachers’ meetings.  

Exercise respect as a factor of integration. Recognition of the rights of others, good education, and kindness distinguish open doors, enhance personality, and generate an optimal space for understanding. It will make connecting with your peers more pleasant and contribute to an excellent work environment.  

Our performance demonstrates our values and guidelines and, especially, reveals the genuine dimension of our ethics. Let us have the indissoluble conviction of internalising it as an inspiring and hopeful light despite the darkness, obstacles and apathy we face. I look forward to the words of the famous Australian writer Morris West: “Example is the lesson that all men can read.”  

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Written by Wilfredo Pérez, social etiquette and public relations

19 February 2024, Peru

Category: Business Ethics

Reference: WP19022024BE  

“Somos una empresa de desarrollo de capacidades que conecta valores, culturas, organizaciones, individuos y sociedades en todo el mundo”

ETIQUETTE AND PROTOCOL ARE THE KEY TO ACCESS A NEW WORLD

Reflections from the students of the ProtocolToday Academy.
Introduction 

In Spanish, the phrase ‘the cherry on top’ (la cereza en el pastel) symbolizes the idea that something good can consistently be elevated to perfection by adding that extra touch, akin to the irresistible allure of a cherry on a cake. This expression encapsulates the essence of my recent revelation—a profound dive into the subtle and influential realm of etiquette and protocol. 

A Stylish Tool 

Recognizing that etiquette and protocol are indispensable in both professional and personal spheres, they play a pivotal role in shaping a positive image and fostering meaningful relationships. Within the realm of my work as an international coach and speaker, the application of etiquette and protocol yields multiple advantages, encompassing the cultivation of a professional image, the establishment of robust business relationships, the promotion of cultural diversity, adept handling of delicate situations, and the compelling charisma of leaving a remarkable impression through refined manners. 

From navigating the intricacies of handling a business card—still relevant despite my inclination towards sustainability—to the art of dining beside an ambassador, etiquette and protocol act as keys to unlocking a new world. You may have lived without these keys for the entirety of your life, feeling content with your existing knowledge. However, possessing these keys opens doors to a world you may not have known existed, one teeming with productivity and profitability. 

The Master Key 

My professional universe revolves around the cooperative sector and business training, aiming to enhance productivity through a culture of cooperation. My understanding of etiquette and protocol was initially limited to hosting higher-quality events, adhering to essential rules for entertaining special guests and maintaining a proper presentation order. However, this is merely the starting point. 

In my professional endeavours, protocol is the key to unlocking new topics and soft skills that distinguish me in the market, even among individuals or companies within my sector. Recognizing and applying etiquette and protocol according to each country’s unique cultural, religious, and business contexts is imperative internationally, given the inherent diversity in these aspects. Importantly, this knowledge has enabled me to delve deeper into cooperation and solidarity. 

Each culture boasts distinct social norms and expectations, and a lack of awareness or respect for these can lead to misunderstandings and unnecessary tensions. Cultural etiquette, spanning greetings, gestures, and business practices, allows for establishing profound and respectful connections that nurture cooperation and solidarity. Neglecting or misinterpreting religious considerations can result in a lack of cultural sensitivity, potentially jeopardizing professional opportunities or causing avoidable tensions that impede the cultivation of cooperative and mutually supportive relationships. 

In the global business arena, adapting to each country’s specific norms and expectations is paramount for establishing robust relationships and ensuring the success of business transactions. From my perspective, it serves as a testament to clients that I have taken the time to understand 

their codes, customs, rules of engagement, and worldview. Only by comprehending their unique context can I truly delve into developing strategies for cooperation and solidarity. 

In Conclusion 

Business contexts exhibit wide-ranging diversity worldwide, encompassing leadership styles, negotiation techniques, and collaborative practices. Appreciating these variations and respecting local business standards can be the defining factor between international success and failure. Companies and professionals who adeptly apply etiquette and protocols showcase a genuine commitment to cultural adaptation and fortify their business relationships and global reputation. While it’s regrettable that my deeper exploration into business etiquette and protocol did not occur sooner, I am immensely gratified to possess this master key now.

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Writter by Darío Castillo Sandoval, Economist, specialist in local planning and regional development, master in rural development. 

19 de Febrero 2024, Canada

Category: Business Etiquette 

Reference: DC19022024BE    

“Somos una empresa de desarrollo de capacidades que conecta valores, culturas, organizaciones, individuos y sociedades en todo el mundo”

NEW HORIZONS: MASTERING DIPLOMATIC INTRODUCTIONS  

The Times of India headline on 28th January 2024 screamed: “China’s Top Diplomat at Meeting with US Official Urges Washington Not to Support Taiwan Independence”. The news article explained that Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi and US national security adviser Jake Sullivan met in Thailand for high-level talks and previously in Malta and Vienna. No doubt, with the tensions brewing before the negotiations, diplomats from these countries would have made calls of introduction to each other as a matter of urgency to keep avenues open for talks in the future.  

In their 2014 work, researchers Sale and Neale underscored introductions’ role in initiating, developing, and sustaining relationships. They emphasised that practical communication skills are essential to creating relationships founded on mutual trust and respect. Their research delved into the significance of introductions as the initial step in building rapport and establishing connections.   

Sale and Neale said how you communicate when you first meet someone affects how your relationship will go later. They investigated how people introducing themselves can make others see them as trustworthy, likeable, and professional. Through study and analysis, they showed how critical introductions are for personal or professional relationships. Their findings provide valuable insights for individuals seeking to navigate social and professional landscapes with finesse and efficacy, highlighting the pivotal role of effective communication in creating meaningful connections.  

So, how can a diplomat in a new post make successful calls? The aim of making calls is to introduce yourself at the post. The greater your exposure to diverse individuals, the higher the probability of feeling at ease and achieving success in a fresh undertaking. What sort of calls can you expect to make?     

Expect three types of calls: official, office, and social calls. Official calls are in-person meetings hosted at an embassy or residence, where a formal invitation is sent.

Office visits remain the primary method for employees to meet their new colleagues.

Social or informal calls can be hosted at home or out. Invitations are made via phone calls or invitations. In both instances, an exchange of business cards is advised. While social calls to homes are still observed in some locations, informal social events, phone communications, and invitations have become more prevalent for initial introductions.  

If your role involves interactions with the host country’s government or its residents, scheduling appointments for meetings in their offices is advisable. It’s common practice for chiefs of missions to conduct office visits to counterparts from other foreign missions, adhering to diplomatic precedence. By local practices, your spouse may accompany you to either one social or official call, if not your spouse, then a colleague.  

The Times of India underscore the critical importance of diplomatic introductions in building trust and respect. With tensions evident before the negotiations, diplomats from both countries likely engaged in introductory calls to establish rapport and maintain open avenues for future talks. Research by Sale and Neale also says how you introduce yourself can affect how people see you later. By understanding the impact of introductions on perceptions of credibility and professionalism, diplomats can navigate negotiations with finesse, hopefully leading to a smoother process and a favourable resolution.  

Please note: All countries may have varying mission customs. Consider consulting your country’s foreign affairs manual or seeking guidance from the protocol officer.  

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https://m.timesofindia.com/world/china/chinas-top-diplomat-at-meeting-with-us-official-urges-washington-not-to-support-taiwan-independence/articleshow/107195299.cms  

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Writer by Elizabeth Soos, specialist in etiquette

19 February 2024, Australia

Category: Business Protocol

Rerence: ES19022024BP

“Somos una empresa de desarrollo de capacidades que conecta valores, culturas, organizaciones, individuos y sociedades en todo el mundo”